Improving food security through community participation: results from a randomized field experiment in rural Nicaragua

This paper evaluates a community based development program designed to promote climate-smart agriculture and improve food security in rural Nicaragua. Using a within-community randomized controlled trial, we estimate short- and medium-term impacts on agricultural practices, production, and welfare. The program combined productive asset transfers, technical assistance, and training delivered through local solidarity groups. Results show significant increases in the adoption of improved inputs—such as certified seeds, biofertilizers, and post-harvest technologies—along with higher maize and bean yields, greater crop diversification, and expanded participation in producer organizations. Beneficiaries also report better food security and higher satisfaction with their quality of life. Because randomization occurred within communities, spillovers likely make these estimates conservative. The findings suggest that community-based delivery can effectively scale up CSA practices and strengthen food security in vulnerable rural areas.